The payments were made as the university was trying to boost its image online and were among several contracts issued following the pepper-spray incident.
Some payments were made in hopes of improving the results computer users obtained when searching for information about the university or Katehi, results that one consultant labeled "venomous rhetoric about UC Davis and the chancellor."
Others sought to improve the school's use of social media and to devise a new plan for the UC Davis strategic communications office, which has seen its budget rise substantially since Katehi took the chancellor's post in 2009. Figures released by UC Davis show the strategic communications budget increased from $2.93 million in 2009 to $5.47 million in 2015.
"We have worked to ensure that the reputation of the university, which the chancellor leads, is fairly portrayed," said UC Davis spokeswoman Dana Topousis. "We wanted to promote and advance the important teaching, research and public service done by our students, faculty and staff, which is the core mission of our university."
Money to pay the consultants came from the communications department budget, Topousis said.
The documents outlining the expenditures were released to The Sacramento Bee this week in response to requests filed last month under the California Public Records Act.
The documents reflect an aggressive effort to counteract an avalanche of negative publicity that arose after the Nov. 18, 2011, pepper-spraying of student protesters by campus police. Fallout from that incident continued for more than a year, as investigations and lawsuits played out and spawned criticism of UC Davis and demands that Katehi resign.
In January 2013, UC Davis signed on with a Maryland company called Nevins & Associates for a six-month contract that paid $15,000 a month.
"Nevins & Associates is prepared to create and execute an online branding campaign designed to clean up the negative attention the University of California, Davis, and Chancellor Katehi have received related to the events that transpired in November 2011," a six-page proposal from Nevins promised.
"Online evidence and the venomous rhetoric about UC Davis and the Chancellor are being filtered through the 24-hour news cycle, but it is at a tepid pace," the proposal said.
The objectives Nevins outlined for the contract included "eradication of references to the pepper-spray incident in search results on Google for the university and the Chancellor."
That objective was to be achieved by advising UC Davis officials on the use of Google platforms as part of "an aggressive and comprehensive online campaign to eliminate the negative search results for UC Davis and the Chancellor."
Online reputation management is a growing field in which companies offer to improve Google and other search engine results by churning out positive news stories, press releases and announcements to minimize previous negative results. Some schools also use them to help students clean up their online presence before graduation.
"I would say that it is common for an individual who might be applying for a job or an individual who has been wrongly maligned to go to a company like Reputation.com, but for a public university that is funded through taxpayer funds, who has repeatedly stepped into a vast hole, it is surprising that they thought this could be done without the light of day shining on the act," said Doug Elmets, a Sacramento public affairs consultant. "It is one more example of how out of touch the leadership at UC Davis is when it comes to their public perspective."
Elmets said online reputation management is usually achieved with software that is used to scrub the more "outrageous accusations or allegations." If a person puts UC Davis in a search engine, it would eliminate some things initially, but a person would only have to "dig a little deeper to find anything that needs to be told," he said.
The release of the documents comes as Katehi is once again under fire, this time for her acceptance of seats on private corporate boards, including a textbook publisher and a for-profit university that was under scrutiny by the Federal Trade Commission. First revealed in the Bee, her outside board positions have sparked calls for her resignation as well as student protests.
Students have occupied the reception office outside Katehi's office since March 11 in a sit-in that they say will last until Katehi resigns.
The school's effort to manage its reputation continues. Topousis said the university has hired one outside consultant since March 1 to work on the school's image. On March 2, the Bee published a story about Katehi taking a board seat on DeVry Education Group, which is under scrutiny from federal investigators.
Reaction to word of the online reputation expenditures sparked new criticism by a lawmaker who is one of four to call on Katehi to step down.
"It is troubling that the administration chose to spend scarce public dollars and to nearly double its PR budget when tuition soared, course offerings were slashed and California resident students were being shut out," said Assemblyman Kevin McCarty, who chairs the Assembly Budget Subcommittee on Education Finance. "These findings just raise more questions about university priorities."
The Nevins proposal for UC Davis stated that it would employ the expertise of founder David Nevins, a former chairman of the Maryland Board of Regents, and counter negative search keywords for UC Davis by using a "surge of content with positive sentiment and off-topic subject matter" about the university.
The proposal called for the university to adopt "a more involved relationship with Google platforms."
Nevins' office said Wednesday he would not comment on the contract.
Records show the university paid Nevins' firm $92,970.73 through July 2013, including travel and lodging costs for Nevins associate Molly White.
White did not respond to messages left for her last month or Wednesday, but a resume posted for her on LinkedIn cites her experience handling "a successful 6 month long strategic SEO (search engine optimization) and online reputation management campaign for the University of California, Davis, and Chancellor Linda Katehi."
In the aftermath of the pepper-spray incident, which occurred as police were attempting to break up a protest and sit-in on the campus quad where tents had been set up, UC Davis officials scrambled to contain the fallout as videos of the incident were viewed millions of times on the Web.
Court filings showed that campus police Lt. John Pike, who was seen calmly spraying seated students in various videos, was bombarded with more than 10,000 text messages and 17,000 emails that included threats and harassment. The university itself released nearly 10,000 documents 11 months after the incident that illustrated the worldwide negative reaction to the incident and officials' attempts to contain the damage.
In June 2014, the university hired Sacramento-based ID Media Partners in an $82,500 contract to "design and execute a comprehensive search engine results management strategy."
The firm, which does business under the name IDMLOCO, said in documents provided by the university that its "primary goal" was to "achieve a reasonable balance of positive natural search results on common terms concerning UC Davis and Chancellor Katehi."
A second contract was awarded to IDMLOCO in February 2015 for a fee of $8,000 a month — up to a limit of $96,000 — to develop an "integrated social media program for executive communications."
IDMLOCO was awarded a third contract in September 2015 for $22,500 a month, or a maximum of $67,500, to "provide an assessment of the University's Strategic Communications redesign."
©2016 The Sacramento Bee (Sacramento, Calif.), distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.
